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Professor Ken Pease

Selected Publications

2008

Pease, K. 2008. 'How to behave like a scientist' Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice, 2(2) : 154-159.

Farrell, G. and K. Pease. 2008. 'Repeat victimization' in R. Wortley, and L. Mazerolle (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis. Cullompton: Willan. (ISBN: 978-1-84392-280-3).

Byrne, S. and K. Pease. 2008. Crime Reduction and Community Safety. In Newburn T. (ed) Handbook of Policing, 2nd ed., Cullompton: Willan.

Roach, J. and K. Pease. 2008. Necropsies and the Cold Case. In K.Rossmo (ed) Criminal Investigative Failures. London:Taylor and Francis. 2008. pp325-346.

Pease, K. 2008. The Home Office and the Police: The Case of the Police Funding Formula. in J. Grieve, A. MacVean and C. Harfield (eds) The Handbook of Intelligent Policing. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (uncorrected proofs).

This is a series of short articles published in The Enforcer magazine:

Armitage, R. and K. Pease. 2008. 'Predicting and preventing the theft of electronic products ' European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research (advanced access)

Armitage, R. and K. Pease. 2008. 'Design and Crime: Proofing electronic products and services against theft ' European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research (advanced access)

 

2007

Ross, N. and K. Pease. 2007. Community Policing and Prediction In T.Williamson (ed) Knowledge Based Policing. Chichester: Wiley.

Pease, K. 2007. 'Victims and Victimization' in S. Shoham, O. Beck and M. Kent (Eds.) International Handbook of Penology and Criminal Justice. Taylor and Francis Publishing. (pp. 587-611). (ISBN-10: 1420053876SBN-13: 978-1420053876).

Farrell, G. and K. Pease. 2007. 'Crime in England and Wales: More violence and more chronic victims' Civitas Review, 4(2), 1-6. (and at www.civitas.org.uk/pdf/CivitasReviewJun07.pdf )

McLaughlin, L., S.D. Johnson, K.J. Bowers, D.J. Birks, K. Pease. 2007. 'Police perceptions of the long- and short-term spatial distributions of burglary' International Journal of Police Science and Management, 9(2), 99-111.

Johnson SD., D.J. Birks, L. McLaughlin, K.J. Bowers, K. Pease. 2007. Prospective Crime Mapping in Operational Context. Home Office Online Report 19/07.

Johnson SD., D.J. Birks, L. McLaughlin, K.J. Bowers, K. Pease. 2007. Overview of Prospective Crime Mapping in Operational Context. (summary of Home Office Online Report 19/07).

Farrell, G. and K. Pease. 2007. 'Repeat victimization' in R. Wortley, L. Mazerolle and S. Rombouts (Eds.) Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis. Cullompton: Willan. (ISBN: 978-1-84392-280-3).

Farrell, G. and K. Pease. 2007. 'The sting in the British Crime Survey tail: Multiple victimizations' in M. Maxfield and M. Hough (Eds). Surveying Crime in the Twenty First Century. volume 22 of Crime Prevention Studies. Willan: Cullompton. (ISBN-13 (paper): 978-1-881798-75-0.). pp. 33-54.

 

2006

Pease, K. 2006. 'Mindsets, set minds and implementation' in J. Knutsson and R.V. Clarke (Ede.) Putting Theory to Work: Implementing Situational Crime Prevention and Problem-Oriented Policing, volume 20 of Crime Prevention Studies. Cullompton: Willan. (pp. 199-216).

Johnson, S.D., L. Summers and K. Pease. 2006. Vehicle Crime: Communicating Spatial and Temporal Patterns. University College London: Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science.

Definition of final crime risk assessment mechanism to measure the risk of theft of electronic products and proof them against theft, Draft Deliverable for WP 14 of Project MARC' (with Armitage, R.; Clarke, R.; Di Nicola, A.; Montauti, M.; Pease, K.; Savona, E) (April 2006).

DNA evidence and police investigations: A health warning' Police Professional, volume 52, June 2006 (with J. Roach).

‘Criminology and Security’ in M. Gill (Ed.) The Handbook of Security. London: Palgrave Macmillan. (pp.179-199).  (with G. Farrell)

'No Through Road: closing pathways to crime' in K. Moss and M. Stephens (Eds.) Crime Reduction and the Law. London: Routledge.

‘Preventing repeat residential burglary’ in B.C. Welsh and D. P. Farrington (Eds.) Preventing Crime: What Works for Children, Offenders, Victims, and Places. Dordrecht: Springer Press. (pp. 161-176) (with G. Farrell)
 


2005

'Population inequality: The case of repeat victimization' International Review of Victimology, 12, 75-90. (with M. Tseloni).

'Nuisance offenders: Scoping the public policy problems'  in M. Tonry (Ed.) Confronting Crime: Crime Control Under New Labour. Cullompton: Willan Publishing. (with R. Hansen, L. Bill).

'Predicting the future or summarising the past: Crime mapping as anticipation' in N. Tilley and M. Smith (Eds.) Crime Science: New Approaches to Preventing and Detecting Crime. Cullompton: Willan Publishing. (with S. D. Johnson, K. Bowers).

‘Cognition and Detection: Reluctant Bedfellows’ in M. Smith and N. Tilley (Eds.) Crime Science: New Approaches to Preventing and Detecting Crime. Willan Publishing. (with Peter Stelfox).

‘Science in the service of crime reduction’ in N. Tilley (Ed.) Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety. Willan Press. (Chapter 7, pp. 171-197).

'Repeat victimization in the ICVS and the NCVS' Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 7(3) 7-18. (with G. Farrell and A. Tseloni).

‘Victimisation and re-victimisation risk, housing type and area: A study of interactions’ Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 7(1), 7-17. (with Bowers, KJ, S.D. Johnson).

Using DNA to Catch Offenders Quicker: Serious Detections Arising from Criminal Justice Samples. London: Jill Dando Institute of Crime Science, University College London. (with Townsley, M., C. Smith).
 


2004

‘Data sharing in crime prevention: How and why?'  Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 6(1), 7-12. (with K. Moss).

'Repeat personal victimisation: Random Effects, Event Dependence and Unexplained Heterogeneity’. British Journal of Criminology, 44, 931-935. (with A. Tseloni).

'Prospective Hot-Spotting: The Future of Crime Mapping?’ British Journal of Criminology, 44(5), 641-658. ( with K.J. Bowers, S. D. Johnson).

'Burglary victimisation in England and Wales, the United States and the Netherlands: A cross-national comparative test of Routine Activities and Lifestyle Theories’, British Journal of Criminology, 44, 66-91. (with A. Tseloni, K. Wittebrood, G. Farrell).
 


2003

'Crime Prevention and Community Safety' in T. Newman (Ed.) Handbook of Policing. Cullompton: Willan Publishing. (pp. 286-310, with S. Byrne).

‘Crime victimization: Its extent and communication’ Journal of the Royal Statistical Association, 166(2), 247-252. (with P. Wiles and J. Simmons).

‘Data sharing and crime reduction: The long and winding road’ Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 5(4), 7-14. (with S. Brookes and K. Moss).

‘DNA and the active criminal population’ Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 5(1), 7-12 (with Dick Leary).

Reducing Burglary Initiative: Early findings on burglary reduction. Research, Development and Statistics Directorate Findings 204. London: Home Office. (with J. Kodz).

'Two go wild in Knowsley: Analysis for evidence-led crime reduction' in K. Bullock and N. Tilley (Eds.) Crime Reduction and Problem-Oriented Policing. Cullompton: Willan Publishing. pp. 20-37. (with M. Townsley).

‘Measuring and interpreting repeat victimization using police data: An analysis of burglary data and policy for Charlotte, North Carolina’. in M. Smith and D. Cornish (Eds.) Theory for Practice in Situational Crime Prevention, Crime Prevention Studies, 16, 265-289. (with G. Farrell).

'Problem orientation, problem solving and organizational change' in J. Knutsson (Ed.) Problem-Oriented Policing: From Innovation to Mainstream, volume 15 of Crime Prevention Studies. Cullompton: Willan Publishing. (with M. Townsley, S.D. Johnson)

‘Repeat personal victimisation: ‘Boosts’ or ‘Flags’?’ British Journal of Criminology, 43, 196-212. (with A. Tseloni)
 


2002

'Repeat victimization and the policing of communities' International Review of Victimology, 9, 137-148.

‘Anticipatory Benefits in Crime Prevention’ in N. Tilley (Ed.) Analysis for Crime Prevention, Crime Prevention Studies,13, 71-88. (with M. Smith and R.V. Clarke).

'Hot spots and cold comfort: The importance of having a working thermometer' in N. Tilley (Ed.) Analysis for Crime Prevention, volume 13 of Crime Prevention Studies. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press. (with M. Townsley).

'How efficiently can we target prolific offenders?’ International Journal of Police Science and Management, 4(4), 323-331. (with M. Townsley).

'Modelling Property Crime Using the British Crime Survey. What Have We Learnt?’ British Journal of Criminology, 42(1), 109-128. (with A. Tseloni, D. R. Osborn, A. Trickett).

'The sexual abuse of children by strangers: its extent, nature and victims' characteristics' Children and Society, 16, 346-359.

Minor crimes, trivial incidents: the cumulative impact of offending. Issues in Forensic Psychology, 3, 41-48. (with M. Shaw).

 

2001

 Farrell, G. and K. Pease. 2001 (Eds.) Repeat Victimization. Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.

 

 

 

 

'Victim Careers and ‘Career Victims’?: Towards a Research Agenda’ in G. Farrell and K. Pease (Eds.) Repeat Victimization, volume 12 of Crime Prevention Studies. Criminal Justice Press (with G. Farrell, B. Wiersema, A. Tseloni). pp. 241-254.

‘Why repeat victimization matters’ Editor’s Introduction in G. Farrell and K. Pease (Eds.) Repeat Victimization, volume 12 of Crime Prevention Studies. Criminal Justice Press (with G. Farrell). pp.1-4.

'Crime against the same person and place: Detection opportunity and offender targeting' in G. Farrell and K. Pease (Eds.) Repeat Victimization, volume 12 of Crime Prevention Studies. Criminal Justice Press (with S. Everson). pp. 199-220.

‘Developing Crime Reduction Plans: Some Examples from the Reducing Burglary Initiative’. Crime Reduction Research series paper 7. London: Home Office. (with L. Curtin, N. Tilley, M. Owen).

‘Repeated Bank Robbery: Theme and Variations’. In G. Farrell and K. Pease (Eds.) Repeat Victimization, Crime Prevention Studies, 12, 153-164. (with R. Matthews and C. Pease).
 

2000

Crime, Technology and the Future. Security Journal, 59-64. (with R. Davis).

‘Future Crime Trends in the United Kingdom’. Association of British Insurers, General Insurance Research Report No. 7 (written by K. Pease, M. Rogerson, D. Ellingworth).

‘Research on Repeat Victimisation in Scotland’. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive Central Research Unit. (with M. Shaw)

‘Towards an Economic Approach to Crime and Prevention’. in N. G. Fielding, A.C. Clarke and R. Witt (Eds.) The Economic Dimensions of Crime. London: Macmillan Press. (with G. Farrell, S. Chamard, K. Clark)

 

1999


 Consolidating Police Crackdowns: Findings from an Anti-Burglary Project. Police Research Series Paper 113. London: Home Office. (ISBN: 1-84082-297 X). (with G. Farrell and S. Chenery)
 

 


 

 

 

‘Crime and Disorder Act 1998: Section 17 A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing?’ Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 1(4), 15-19 (with Katrina Moss).

‘Firearms Licensing: Facts in Danger of Neglect’, Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 1(1), 55-65. (with Catherine Pease).

Illegal Parking in Disabled Bays: A Means of Offender Targeting. Policing and Reducing Crime Briefing Note 1/99. London: Home Office (with S. Chenery, C. Henshaw).

Pease, K. ‘A Review of Street Lighting Evaluations: Crime Reduction Effects’. In K. Painter and N. Tilley (Eds.) Surveillance of Public Space: CCTV, Street Lighting and Crime Prevention, Crime Prevention Studies, 10, 47-76.

Pease, K. 1999. ‘The Probation Career of Al Truism’. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice. 38(1), 2-16.

Burglary Prevention: Early lessons from the Crime Reduction Programme. Crime Reduction Research series paper 1. London: Home Office. (with N. Tilley, M. Hough and R. Brown)

Revictimisation: Reducing the Heat on Hot Victims. Australian Institute of Criminology, Trends and Issues in Crime and Criminal Justice, no. 128. Canberra: Australian Institute of Criminology. (with G. Laycock).

‘Reactions to victimization: Why has anger been ignored?’ Crime Prevention and Community Safety: An International Journal, 1(3), 37-45. (with J. Ditton, S. Farrall, J. Bannister, E. Gilchrist).

 

1998

Ellingworth, D. and K. Pease. 1998. 'Movers and Breakers: Household property crime against those moving home' International Journal of Risk, Security and Crime Prevention.

Pease, K. 1998. Repeat Victimisation: Taking Stock, Crime Prevention and Detection Series Paper 90. London: Home Office.

'Repeat victimisation: Offender accounts' International Journal of Risk, Security and Crime Prevention, 3(4), 269-279. (with J. Ashton, I. Brown, B. Senior).

Pease, K. 'Obituaries, opportunities and obsessions' in S. Holdaway and P. Rock (Eds.) Thinking about Criminology. London: Routledge (pp. 161-173).

Pease, K. 1998. ‘Crime, Labour, and the Wisdom of Solomon’, Policy Studies, 19 (3/4), 255-265.

Pease, K. 1998. ‘What shall we count when measuring zero tolerance?’ In M. Weatheritt (Ed.) Zero Tolerance Policing: What Does it Mean and is it Right for Britain?, London: Police Foundation pp. 35-46. (ISNB 0 947692 45 2)

Pease, K. 1998. ‘Changing the context of crime prevention’ in P. Goldblatt and C. Lewis (Eds.) Reducing Offending: As Assessment of Research Evidence on Ways of Dealing with Offender Behaviour. Home Office Research Study 187. London: Home Office.


1997


‘Predicting the Future: The Roles of Routine Activity and Rational Choice Theory’ in G. Newman, R.V. Clarke and S. Shloham (Eds.) Rational choice and Situational Crime Prevention: Theoretical Foundations. Dartmouth Press.

Chenery, S., J. Holt and K. Pease. 1997. Biting Back II: Preventing Repeat Victimisation in Huddersfield. Crime Detection and Prevention Paper 82. London: Home Office.

‘Repeat Victim Support’ British Journal of Social Work, 27, 101-113. (with G. Farrell)

‘Analysis of Violent Offending Captured in the 1993 Scottish Crime Survey: Final Report of a Feasibility Study’. Report to the Scottish Office by the Applied Criminology Group, University of Huddersfield. (with G. Farrell).

‘Cracking Down’, Policing Today, September 1997, 34-38. (with A. Wright).
 


1996

Revictimisation: Reducing the Heat on Hot Victims. National Institute of Justice Research in Action. Washington D.C.: National Institute of Justice. (with G. Laycock)

'Juvenile-Adult differences in criminal justice: Evidence from the United Nations Crime Survey' Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 35(1), 40-60. (with M. Tseloni).



1995
 

'Evaluating Crime Prevention'  in M. Tonry and D.P. Farrington (Eds.) Building a Safer Society: Strategic Approaches to Crime Prevention, volume 19 of Crime and Justice: A Review of Research. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (with Paul Ekblom)

‘The prevention of obscene, threatening and other troublesome telephone calls: a call tracing scheme evaluated’ Security Journal, 6, 171-175. (with M. Buck, M. Chatterton)

Obscene, threatening and other troublesome telephone calls to women in England and Wales: 1982-1992. Research and Planning Unit paper 92. London: Home Office. (with W. Buck, M. Chatterton).

‘Like Taking Candy: Why does repeat victimization occur?’, British Journal of Criminology, 35, 3, 384-399. (with G. Farrell and C. Phillips)

‘A Victim is a Victim is a Victim?: Chronic Victimization in Four Sweeps of the British Crime Survey’, British Journal of Criminology, 35, 3, 378-383. (with D. Ellingworth and G. Farrell)

Biting Back: Tackling Repeat Burglary and Car Crime (Summary). Crime Detection and Prevention Series paper 58. London: Home Office. (with D. Anderson, S. Chenery).

'Weighing the pound of flesh: The psychology of punishment'  in R. Bull and D. Carson (Eds.) Handbook of Psychology in Legal Contexts. John Wiley and Sons. (with Bill Hebenton).

'Crime victimisation in the eighties: Changes in area and regional inequality' British Journal of Criminology, 35(3); 343-359.


1994

Preventing Repeated Domestic Violence: A Demonstration Project on Merseyside. Police Research Group, Crime Prevention Unit Paper 49. London; Home Office. (with S. Lloyd, G. Farrell)
 

'Using routine prison statistics in estimating prison population for policy assessment' Canadian Journal of Criminology, April 1994, pp. 137-147. (with G. Andre).


‘Crime Seasonality: Domestic Violence and Domestic Burglary in Merseyside’, British Journal of Criminology, 34, 4, 487-498. (with G. Farrell)
 


1993

Once Bitten, Twice Bitten: Repeat Victimization and its Implications for Crime Prevention. Police Research Group, Crime Prevention Unit Paper 46. London; Home Office.(with G. Farrell)

‘Arming the Toothless Tiger: Family Protection Orders, Court Injunctions, and Domestic Violence’, Justice of the Peace, 06 February, 88-90. (with G. Farrell and K. Clarke).

'The Merseyside domestic violence prevention project: Some costs and benefits' Studies on Crime and Crime Prevention, 2, 21-33.  (with G. Farrell and W. Buck).



1992
 

'What is different about high crime areas?' British Journal of Criminology, 32(1), 81-90. (with A. Trickett, D. Osborn, J. Seymour).

Community Service and Crime Prevention: The Cheadle Heath Project. Police Research Group Crime Prevention Unit series paper no. 39. London: Home Office. (with M. Barker, B. Webb)

‘Lessons from Schools: Some schools are repeatedly vandalised, and burgled. Is there a pattern that police could interrupt?’ Policing, 8(2), 148-155. (with R. Burquest and G. Farrell).

'Gender differences in criminal justice: An international comparison' British Journal of Criminology, 32(2), 208-217. (with L. Harvey, R.W. Burnham, K. Kendall).

'Controlling the prison population: Procedures for anticipating the effects of alternative strategies' Eurocriminology, 4, 69-82. (with C. Perry).

'Health histories of juvenile offenders and a matched control group in Saskatchewan, Canada' Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 2, 269-286 (with K. Kendall, G. Andre).

1991

'The time-course of repeat burglary victimisation' British Journal of Criminology, 31(4), 411-414.

Pease ,K. ‘The Kirkholt Project: Preventing burglary on a British public housing estate’ Security Journal, 2(2), 73-77.

'Does parole reduce the risk of reconviction?'  Howard Journal 30(1), 66-75. (with R.G. Haan and W.G. Harman)

'After the Rainbow' Local Government Studies, July/August 1991.

'Parole and its problems: A Canadian-English comparison' The Howard Journal, 30(3), 218- 230 (with N. Polvi).

'Health histories of juvenile offenders and a matched control group in Saskatchewan, Canada' Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 2, 269-286. (with K. Kendall, G. Andre, A. Boulton). 

Multiple Victimisation in Northern Ireland. Report to the Northern Ireland Office. University of Manchester: Department of Social Policy and Social Work. (with R. Barr, G. Farrell, F. McCready).
 

1990

‘Crime placement, displacement and deflection’ in M. Tonry and N. Morris (Eds.) Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, volume 12. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

The Kirkholt Burglary Prevention Project: Phase II. Crime Prevention Unit paper 23. London: Home Office. (with D. Forrester, S. Frenz, M. O'Connell)

'Repeat Break-and-enter victimization: Time-course and crime prevention opportunity' Journal of Police Science and Administration, 17(1), 8-11. (with N. Polvi, T. Luhman, C. Humphries).


1988
 

Pease, K. 1988. 'Methodological developments' British Journal of Criminology, 28(2); 70-76.


Pease, K. Judgements of Crime Seriousness: Findings from the 1984 British Crime Survey. Research and Planning Unit paper 44. London: HMSO.

The Kirkholt Burglary Prevention Project, Rochdale. Crime Prevention Unit series paper no. 13. London: Home Office. (with D. Forrester, D., M. Chatterton and the assistance of Robin Brown).

1980-87

'Personal crime against women: Evidence from the 1982 British Crime Survey' Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 25(2), 118-124. (with A. Worrall).

Harvey, L. and K. Pease. 1987. 'The lifetime prevalence of custodial sentences' British Journal of Criminology, 27(3); 311-315.

 

K. Pease and M. Wasik (Eds.) 1987. Sentencing Reform: Guidance or Guidelines? Manchester: Manchester University Press.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Fiztmaurice, C. and K. Pease 1986. The Psychology of Judicial Sentencing. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bottomley, K. and K. Pease. 1986. Crime and Punishment: Interpreting the Data. Open University Press.


 

 

 

 

 

Worrall, A. and K. Pease. 1986. 'The Prison Population in 1985' British Journal of Criminology,  26,  184-187.

Pease, K. 1985. ‘Community Service Orders’ in M. Tonry and N. Morris (Eds.) Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, volume 6. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Pease, K. 1985. ‘What risk of reconviction for juveniles?’ Justice of the Peace, 25 May 1985.

Pease, K. and R. Litton. 1984. 'Crime prevention practice and motivation' in D.J. Muller, D. E. Blackman and A. J. Chapman (Eds.) Psychology and Law. John Wiley and sons Ltd.

Pease, K. 1983. Did the Falklands war reduce crime?’ Justice of the Peace, 12 November.

Fitzmaurice, C. and K. Pease. 1982. 'On measuring distaste in years' in J. Gunn and D.P. Farrington (Eds.) Abnormal Offenders, Delinquency and the Criminal Justice System. John Wiley and Sons Ltd. (pp.91-110).

Morrissey, M. and K. Pease. 1982. 'The importance of Northern Ireland for Criminal Justice Research in Great Britain' The Howard Journal, XXI, 133-136.

Morrissey, M. and K. Pease. 1982. 'The Black Criminal Justice System in West Belfast' The Howard Journal, XXI, 159-166.

Pease, K. 1981. 'The size of the prison population' British Journal of Criminology, 21(1), 70-74.

Pease, K. 1980. Prison Populations: Using Statistics to Estimate the Effects of Policy Changes. Open University Press.
 

1975-1979

Pease, K. 1979. ‘Some futures in crime prevention’ Home Office Research Bulletin, pp. 31-35.

Wagner, H. and K. Pease. 1978. 'Adding up scores of offence seriousness' British Journal of Criminology, 18(1); 175-178.

Pease, K. 1978. 'Community Service and the Tariff' Criminal Law Review, 4, 269-275.

Pease, K. and M. Sampson. 1977. ‘Doing time and marking time’ Howard Journal of Penology and Crime Prevention, XVI, 2, 59-64.

Nuttall, C., E.E. Barnard, A.J. Fowles, A. Frost, W.H. Hammond, P. Mayhew, K. Pease, R. Tarling and M.J. Weatheritt. 1977. Parole in England and Wales. Home Office Research Study 38. London: HMSO.

Pease, K., S. Billingham and J. Earnshaw. 1977. Community Service Assessed in 1976. Home Office Research Study 39. London: HMSO.

Pease, K., J. Ireson, S. Billingham and J. Thorpe. 1977. 'The development of a scale of offence seriousness' International journal of Criminology and Penology, 5, 17-29.

Thorpe, J. and K. Pease. 1976. 'The relationship between recommendations made to the court and sentences passed' British Journal of Criminology, 16(5); 393-394.

Pease, K. J. Ireson and J. Thorpe. 1975. 'Modified crime indices for eight counties' The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology, 66(2), 209-214. (with

Pease, K., P. Durkin, J. Earnshaw, D. Payne, J. Thorpe. 1975. Community Service Orders. Home Office Research Study 29. London: HMSO.

Pease, K. J. Ireson and J. Thorpe. 1974. 'Additivity assumptions in the measurements of delinquency' British Journal of Criminology, 14(3); 256-263.

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